Method and composition for treating textiles



inertial SQ Mm it f l997 -493 b 10 e e I ,r 1 975 493] v c. t METHODWAND COMPOSITION FOR": v TREATINGTEXTILES 2- Williain In. Alien; Ne York, 'N.7Y'., an seen 1 Q Ira; Jons5'Wilmette, lllg, ass ignors to; R, T. 1' Vanderbilt Co., In'c;,New Yqrk, N. ydyadcorpm l ration of New york 5 No Drawing, Application September 10,,193 2, f

U SeriaLNo. 632,632

, This invention relates tothe treatment of all the, rare-earthmetals. In the preparation of textiles either in the form of the threads or yarn metallic. salts, the base materials are digested in or in the form of the product manufactured by suitable acids and theinsoluble residuesstrained: weaving'or otherroperation a 1-. Y j out-;'-'::=We. have found that while these residues'are j Thecomposition, if used with certain textiles, nominally insoluble many of them assurne a (201- 6 such for instance as rayon or other artificial cellue loidal form and maybe used v as a substitute in losic textile materials, may be-distributed inthe whole orinfpart" for other colloids;- ,w jj solution which is to be spun in makingfilaments Invad( iition to themetals above referred to; in Orzthreads. V p r k v j some'cases we may employ salts of 1eas ,-c ppe r;-

s one object: of the present invention is to secure mercuryandljbismuth, 1f '1 65 the delusterizing of artificial silkcommonly known If it is desired to renderthe fabric particularly as;-rayon. As an important step in the, securing smooth in texturej we mayaddoleic or stearic of suchdelusterizing, we employ a-colloidal aluacid. orfatty lacidsorlsoftening oils;wl i'ich minum silicate which maybe; either natural or be emulsified'withthe colloidalaluminum silicate artificial, but is preferably of the bentonitic'itype prior to the adding of these to the dyeing and such as bentonite. Bentonite will absorb a. very waterproiofing bath, i Materials suchjas oleicand" large amount'of water'andwill correspondingly ste 'aric acid and the like'tend to soften thjejina increasein volume. -After being appliedtofthe terial and make; more "pliable the yarnorffabric' fabric the drying will cause c'orresponoling:shrink-wv l articularly when used'a's a filling medium"'fo;r ingrin volume and during the shrinking the mithe finish of C fi OQ L Q d E W H&S. Q f nute filaments or fiber ends will be drawnin .or-

carrying out our processjitisionlyhe ssary; caused totclosely adhere to vthe threads so as to V to'usea single bath, and, after the tre'a'tinent of make the fabric more sheen; This -material,' l -W i h ii ay be dried in any -l when appliedto rayon filaments and dried thereable manner. The'drying results in the fci ma on, has a delusterizing effect, but'when used alone non; of the waterproofing "compound from the is unsatisfactory because it is removed in whole bentonite and the metallic sal this is'pri or in part duringwashing and will spot or become marily upon theouterisUrfaCe o d e threads or irregularly: discolored by the action of water. In filaments 'a'ridhas a strengthening ather'than'a connectionwith the bentonite, we employ salt of weakening effectin'addition to itswaterproofi ng a metal which maybe dissolved in theibentonite action. By making the fibers wet 1o the" suspension or emulsion and which willreact-inetbreaktng. strength of th fib r is'v Y i y some way with'the bentonite during the drying increased... I f. I f "'jil 1 fl of the textile to produce a compound which is not vIf the metallic saltsuse'drbe" thoseofjthe, rare-j water soluble andv which acts todelusterize the earth metal's,,-the treiatment ofthefibers. results textileand at the same time to render it waterinQnot 7 only the 'delustieri 'i'ng,',dyeing water; 9 proof or water repellent. The mixtureuof ben-. proofin d r n henin ut lsq i d iw tonite and the metalsalt, maythus be used, with progiingofthe-fibers. Amongfihe salts o f th rayon where both delusterizing-and waterproofing earth" metals" which may 'beemployed',' we are desired, or mayibegused withcottonor other particularly to the. acetatesof cerium thorlum, textiles where mere waterproofing ora water lanthanum rithe'radioloactive flmetals such'as repellent character is desired; J q V v, u an um r j m i i i fr ny th rf f, If it is; desiredzto'dyetheifabric,the dye may Oneormore of thesefwith the 'aluminum, tin orn be dissolved and the metal salt addedtothis solu other metallic saltsg tion, or solutions of; the-dye; and metal salts mixed I 'The'fco "idal alu finum-silicate is believed to,

45 and mixed with the bentonite so that the dyeing holdthe metallicio nsfof the salt n susp si n; 1

operation takesplace in; the same bath as that until 'afterthe' mixture is' broughtintoflconta which applies the ingredients going to effect the with theisurfacelbfthe textile, andjis'allowe delusterizing and/or water-proofing. d'ry andthe metallic ionsapparently eiiter into The metal salt which should be used is prefercombination with the colloidal aluminum silicate ably one which does not produce any color in and the resulting product is precipitated on to the bath or to the fabric unless, of course, the the filaments or fibers and adheres thereto and particular color imparted by such metal salt is also bonds together the finer filaments. the one desired. The use of a salt of alumina such Where delusterizing is not important, but the as aluminum acetate has been found useful in mildewproofingand waterproofing with or With-7' 55 this process, and the same applies to salts of 01 secured, W ay employ 1- l. 9 7 F it I. V

,liteefiiiliilfl w +-p f er'ators, vulcanizing agents or curing agents nec-" strengthening, filling, waterproofing,andinildew proofing fabrics at one and thelsameToperation, we may employ thefollowing formula, but other salts than the acetates may be employed .1 and various changes may be made in the in- 1 gredients and proportions thereof:

Aluminum acetate 3 Rare-earth acetate 1.5 Zinc acetate"; 1.25 Stearic acid 0.5

Bentonite l l 1.25 Water 200 a.

In combination with these ingredients there i may be employed the desired amount and" charil a acter of dye according to the color orshade d'esired. ,The parts are; given by weight. All of the. dye necessary to develop ther'equired shade or color is dissolvedin the entire'quantity of water to "be used "and in about twentyparts of this colored water we soak the bentonite until its con-TI sistency becomes that ofa jelly. Into this'jell'y we femuls'ify the previously melted stearic acid and then set temporarily aside as sOlutiOnA;

We then dissolve the other chemicalsinto theremaining' colored water, this solution being termed .sol ti 'BL. We then blend solutions A and B1 p s u on cate-,--albumin and salts of one or more rare earth and proceed with, the usual dyeing. treatment,

thereafter drying the treated material. This'drying resultsjin the metallic ions,'in combination,

with the colloidal material, precipitating on to the filaments ofthe dyedyarn or fabric and ad:

r hering thereto and becoming an integral part thereof. a V

jInour improved process, it will be noted that the usual separate operations of dyeing, waterproofing, mildewproofing and .delusterizing .are

accomplished by the use of a single bath and a single operation.

If rubber latex or aqueous rubber derivatives are employed, they may be used .in connection withlthe bentonite. Where it is desired to soften or. size, the yarn or fabric, a suitable percentage of cooked starch or gum may be added to the combined A and B solutions or maybe used with the B solution alone and in place of the A sou ionr V I [Inexpensive cotton fabrics are sometimes fbackfilled? which consists of, surface application ofistarchwith fiourand talc emulsion which is applied 'hot' and then passed through calender rolls to impart a smooth and lustrous ,finish to remain until the first launderingwhen it washes out, leaving an open and sleazy looking material, andgwhich if .colored cannot be restarched be cause the starch produces a whiteand smeary effect over the colored background, and the starch cannot be colored except by an expert.

We have found that a backfilling compound can be made of B solution used with an excess of bentonite and stearic acid with or without the dye solution, and that the bentonite combines with the '3 solution to form a water resisting compound adhering to the filaments of the fabric to ad'egree such that the fabric can be laundered or dry cleaned several times with only gradual 'depletion'of the filler.

Bentonite, when used as a backfilling compound, has awaterproofing effect due to the presence of the metallic salts and thus is not readily washed out.

Furthermore, we have found that by the application of more concentrated colloidal solutions of Parts albumin to textiles, such as canvas for example,

j andthen heating these to a temperature of 212 paper making as well as the longer fibers'usedin the textile industry; The'process may be employed for waterproofing, mildewproofing and metals, and heating to evaporate moisture and coagulate the albumin. V

2 The method of treating rayon fibers, which includes subjecting them to the action of a bath containing bentonite, salts of one or more 'rare earth metals and-albumin, evaporating the 'moisture, and heating to coagulate the albumin.

3. The process of treating rayon textiles, which consists in subjecting them to the action'of a bath containing bentonite, an acetate of one or more rare earth metals and albumin, and heating the f solution in the presence of thetextile to effect a coagulation of the albumin upon thetextile.

l. The process of treating rayon textiles, which includes subjecting the same'to'the action of a solution containing bentonite, a salt of a rare earth metal,albumin and a compound of the group consisting of mad or stearic'acids, gatty V acig s and softening oils. and heating the solution in the presence of the textile to efiect coagulation of the albumin in the presence of the textile the other ingredients of the solution;

and

' 5'.-'A composition for use in the treatment of textile fibersfwhich includes bentonite, a salt\of a rareearth metal and albumin.

I WiLLIAM ,I-I. ALTON.

HILTON IRA 'JoNEs} its H m mo 

